Packings for anchoring missiles



Jam 19.63 J. B. DE COURTEIX 3,072,912

PACKINGS FOR ANCHORING MISSILES Filed Dec. 16, 1960 fig 2 3,fi72,9l2Patented Jan. 15, 1953 3,072,912 PACKENGS FOR ANCHGRENG MllfifsllLEKoseph Barbies de Courteix, Eaint-Etienne, Loire, France,

assignor to Societe Civile dEtndede Procedes de Scellement,Saint-Etienne, Loire, France Filed Dec. 16, 1960, fier. No. 76,254Qlaims priority, application France Jami, 1965) 6 Claims. (Cl. l-44.5)

The present invention relates to packings which are particularlysuitable for anchoring missiles which are adapted for being fired bysealing guns or tools. In particular, the guns are of the type in whichthe missile is driven by a propelling gas thrust caused by percussion ona cartridge loaded with an explosive charge. The missiles are adaptedfor being ejected from the gun at high speed in order to be able topenetrate into hard materials.

Sealing guns of the above type are well known, and it is also known tofit a bolt or other fastener with a packing to form an anchoringmissile. The packing may be fitted on the bolt either permanently or insuch a manner to enable rapid assembly of the packing on the bolt priorto loading. Generally, known packings are made of flexible materials andare intended to guide the missile and to support it by frictioncentrally in the barrel or firing tube of the sealing gun. Sometimes,these packings are provided with a radially retaining collar which isripped olt or torn at the moment of firing, and, due to the usualirregularity of the edge of the retaining collar Where it is fractured,the propelling gases are discharged when the explosive charge is firedand are not confined between the barrel and the anchoring missile as themissile moves down the firing tube. Consequently, a portion of the gasesleaks between the missile and the firing tube and filters to the frontof the missile so that the thrust on the missile is correspondinglyreduced.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improvedanchoring missile which can be mass produced cheaply and which isprovided with a packing which reinforces the seal between the anchoringmissile and the bore of a sealing gun through which the anchoringmissile is adapted to be propelled thereby preventing leakage of thepropelling gases. Furthermore, the packing centers the missile in thebore and guides the same along said bore.

If desired, the packing can be made from flexible or yielding material,for instance a suitable plastic material, so that the packing may bemoulded directly above the head of the bolt or moulded separately andthen assembled over the resulting head of the bolt before the anchoringmissile is fired.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an anchoringmissile adapted for being fired by a sealing gun and comprising a boltand a packing, said packing being concentrically supported on said bolt,said packing having a leading bearing portion and a trailing conicalbearing portion of diameter at least equal to the diameter or" saidleading portion.

For a better understanding of the invention and to show how the same maybe carried into effect, reference will now be made to the accompanyingdrawing, in which like designations indicate like parts and in which:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a packing accordingto the invention when assembled to a bolt to form an anchoring missile,

FIGURE 2 is a longitudinal view of the anchoring missile shown in FlGURE1 partly in section,

FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a packingaccording to the invention when assembled on a bolt to form a modifiedanchoring missile,

FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal view of the anchoring missile shown in FIGURE3 partly in section,

FIGURE 5 is a longitudinal view of a-further embodiment of a packingaccording to the invention shown partly in section and assembled to abolt dilierent from that shown in FIGURES 1 through 4, 7

FIGURE 6 is a longitudinal view partly in section of anchoring missilesaccording to the invention shown in revolvable chambers of a multi-shotsealing gun which is adapted to fire the anchoring missiles, and

FIGURE 7 is a longitudinal view partly in section showing an anchoringmissile according to the invention which is mounted in the rear end ofthe barrel or firing tube of a sealing gun.

Now referring to FIGURES l and 2 the anchoring missile consists of apacking 1 and a bolt P. The packing 1 is made of any suitable yieldingmaterial preferably a plastic which is formed by being directly mouldedon the head 2 and a portion of the shank of bolt P. The packing 1 isformed with a forward cylindrical bearing portion 1 having a diameterwhich provides a free fit in the barrel or firing tube of the sealingguns. The cylindrical bearing portion is followed by a rear bearingportion 1 of conical shape with increasing diameter in a direction awayfrom the cylindrical bearing portion 1 The conicity of the rear bearingportion 1 is appropriately determined in order to permit compression ofthis por tion in the barrel of the firing tube without fracturing ortearing of the packing.

The head I of the bolt P is shown encased in the conical bearing portion1 However, the head I can be encased in the cylindrical bearing portion1 The diameter of the circular rim of the head t is slightly larger thanthe diameter of the bore of the firing tube so that upon firing of theexplosive charge in a cartridge (not shown), the anchoring, missile isprojected forward after a very brief hesitation in the firing tubeduring which time the circular rim of the head t is slightly deformedtogether with the conical bearingportion 1 so that a sudden releasingeffect is provided to thereby improve the thrust of the propelling gasesand the penetrating power of the anchoring missile into hard material.

There is shown in FIGURE 5 an anchoring missile consisting of a packing2 and a bolt P. The packing is formed with a cylindrical bearing portion2 and a rear conical bearing portion 2 having the same characteristicsas the packing shown in FIGURES l and 2 except that packing 2 is mouldedas an independent component and formed with an inner chamber 2 enablingthe user to fit packing 2 on the head t of bolt P. For instance, thehead t may be formed with a threaded portion which can be threadablyengaged in chamber 2 The anchoring missile 3 shown in FIGURES 3 and 4 iscomparable with the anchoring missile shown in FIG- URES l and 2 and ingeneral the bearing portions 3 and 3 of the packing have the samefeatures of construction as 1 and 1 respectively. However, the rear faceof the conical bearing portion 3 facing the propelling gas space of thefiring device is formed with an annular groove 3 between peripheral thinlip 3 and axial projecting boss 3 The latter boss 3 extends beyond theplane defined by the edge of the peripheral thin lip 3 The deformationof the conical bearing portion 3? is improved when compared to bearingportion 1 by virtue of groove 3 Moreover, the thin peripheral lip 3bears tightly in the barrel when subjected to the thrust of thepropelling gases, and this thrust is still more effectively distributedand directed against the thin lip 3 due to the presence of the axialboss 3 which reduces the volume of the propelling gas space andtherefore increases the thrust of the propelling gases. The packingswhich are illustrated in FIGURES 1 through 4 show the packing materialenclosing both the head t and also a part of the shank of the bolt P.The length of the 3 packing around the part of the bolt P may beextended or reduced in order toimprove the guiding of the anchoringmissile as required.

It is preferable in cooperation with the anchoring missiles describedabove to provide the rear end of a barrel or firing tube with aparticular construction which is shown in FIGURES 6 and 7. Referring toFIGURE 6,

a revolvable cylinder b is shown which is formed with cartridgechamber beach having at their forward end a conical bearing surface b Ycom-municating with firing bores [1 Referring to FIGURE 7 a barrel orfiring tube c is formed with cartridge chambers c and a conical bearingsurface which extends from the front end of cartridge chamber c tofiring bore c which extends through the barrelc. The charging of thesealing guns is therefore effected from the rear by firstly insertingthe anchoring missiles including the packings thereof and then insertingthe cartridges.

The conical bearing portions 1 2 and 3 of the embodiments of thepackings above described perform a triple function, as follows:

The anchoring missile is retained in the barrel of the sealing gunbefore it is fired whatever the position in which the sealing gun isheld;

The compression of the conical bearing portion immediately after firinggives the maximum efficiency to the cartridge and provides maximum useof the propelling gas pressure because thecompression of the saidconical bearing portion and of the said rim of the head t of the bolt Pprovidesa tight plug which for a very brief instant resists the gaspressure and then releases this pressure suddenly while preventing thepropelling. gas from leaking between the barrel and the anchoringmissile during the entire travel of the missile along the barrel.Furthermore, the anchoring missiles are guided axially as they movealong the barrel or firing tube of the gun.

In addition and as has already been indicated the packings prevent wearof the barrels.

Although several embodiments have been shown of anchoring missile, it isto be understood that modifications and changes can be made withoutdeparting therefrom,

and all such modifications that fall within the scope of the appendedclaims.

What I claim is:

1. An anchoring missile adapted for being ejected from the chamber of agun, said missile comprising: an-

choring means, and deformable means supported on the anchoring means andadapted for engagement in the chamber of the gun to position saidmissile therein and resist relative movement between said missile andsaid gun in the direction of ejection, the latter said means beingdeformable under the action of a force to permit delayed ejection of themissile from said chamber, said anchoring means being also deformableand supported in said chamber in interfering relation such that saidanchoring means is also deformed under the action of said force.

2. A missile as claimed in claim 1 wherein said anchoring means is abolt, and said deformable means includes a packing of a firstcylindrical portion and a second portion extending coaxially from saidfirst portion and being substantially of frusto conical shape, said boltincluding a head which is larger than the diameter of the cylindricalportion. a

3. A missile as claimed in claim 2 wherein said frustoconical portioncovers said head ofthe bolt.

4. A missile as claimed in claim 2 wherein said frusto conical portionincludes a rear face which is provided with an annular groove to definean axial boss.

5. A missile as claimed in claim 2 wherein said frusto conical portionhas increasing diameters in a direction extending away from saidcylindrical portion.

6. A missile as claimed in claim 2 wherein said frusto conical portionhas a forward face of substantially the same diameter as saidcylindrical portion, the frustoconical portion being coupled to thecylindrical portion at said forward face.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,499,227 Miles Feb. 28, 1950 2,666,252 Temple Ian. 19, 1954 2,722,004Webber et a1. Nov. 1, 1955 2,821,397 Hartigan Jan. 28, 1958 2,887,925Kopf May 26, 1959 FOREIGN PATENTS 506,755 Belgium ---4 Nov. 14, 1951'706,137 Great Britain Mar. 24, 1954 149,829 Sweden Apr. 26, 19551,117,318 France Feb. 20, 1956 567,900 Belgium June 14, 1958 41......val-9::

1. AN ANCHORING MISSILE ADAPTED FOR BEING EJECTED FROM THE CHAMBER OF AGUN, SAID MISSILE COMPRISING: ANCHORING MEANS, AND DEFORMABLE MEANSSUPPORTED ON THE ANCHORING MEANS AND ADAPTED FOR ENGAGEMENT IN THECHAMBER OF THE GUN TO POSITION SAID MISSILE THEREIN AND RESIST RELATIVEMOVEMENT BETWEEN SAID MISSILE AND SAID GUN IN THE DIRECTION OF EJECTION,THE LATTER SAID MEANS BEING DEFORMABLE UNDER THE ACTION OF A FORCE TOPERMIT DELAYED EJECTION OF THE MISSILE FROM SAID CHAMBER, SAID ANCHORINGMEANS BEING ALSO DEFORMABLE AND SUPPORTED IN SAID CHAMBER IN INTERFERINGRELATION SUCH THAT SAID ANCHORING MEANS IS ALSO DEFORMED UNDER THEACTION OF SAID FORCE.